In the 1990s, when Jayne Gackenbach's son came into contact with Nintendo, she began to worry. Her son is sitting in front of the screen every day and indulging in the manipulation of these virtual characters. This can not help but let her think about how the sci-fi world will affect people.
Perhaps all parents have such concerns, and Jayne Gackenbach, a psychologist at McGovern University in Canada, experimented with it.
When playing "Pokémon Go" is very addictive, if you let you drop your phone, you may also want to "receive" the dog across the street, as if the dog is the elf in the game. This kind of behavior that integrates the game world into the real world is called "game migration phenomenon", which is very common among players. As Gackenbach puts it: "Your brain is a bit stupid, at least when it returns to reality."
This phenomenon is not only confined to when I was just awake, but also existed in dreams, as well as in the state of fuzzy hypnosis in half-dreams. Angelica B. Ortiz de Gortari, a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Liège, Belgium, said: “The players will see the images in the game in real life, or they will have unconscious actions with their fingers on the control handle.†Other researchers also found that “My World and Tetris players will also experience this phenomenon.
Gackenbach's research found that gamers have a stronger desire for control in their dreams and they are more aware that they are dreaming. This also means that immersing in a controllable sci-fi world may allow players to see the dream from the same perspective.
She also included virtual reality in her recent research. Virtual reality has a wider range of applications and may have wider impact than games. Manufacturers have taken the pace of development, and continue to promote. Facebook's Oculus, Valve and Sony launched their own immersive devices.
These technological inventions are very attractive because they are only temporary entertainment: after you take off your head, you will return to reality. But Gackenbach thinks that virtual reality may be like a game, but what he thought was temporary entertainment was disturbing people's brains.
Because the immersiveness of virtual reality devices is stronger than that of ordinary video games, Gackenbach made a hypothesis that Oculus Rift might strengthen game migration. She showed a study at a seminar in June: The experimental group remembers these dreams more than the control group. However, the difference between the two groups disappeared within the next week.
Gackenbach said: "All of this points to a conclusion. When you change people's waking reality, their memory will change. The more you think you are in a reality, the more likely you are to remember other realities." changes happened."
Will frequent entry into virtual reality lead to lucid dreams? A study by Gackenbach found that excessive use of Rift's heads may increase the likelihood of lucid dreams. Experimental participants, including Rift developers and players, all stated that the longer the time they are immersed in virtual reality, the greater the chance of lucid dreaming. One of the technical article writers wrote: "I found myself having more control in my dreams, and I didn't know why I realized it was a dream."
When using a virtual reality device, you will enter a state similar to the rapid eye movement sleep state.
The fidelity of many virtual environments is very strong, allowing users to experience such things as deep-sea snorkeling and flying that are usually not realizable in real life, or even impossible. The principle of dreams is also similar, which also led researchers to speculate that VR devices may train the user's brain to make it more recognizable as “unrealistic†scenarios. Martin Dresler, a psychologist at the University of Radeburg in the Netherlands, said: “One way to increase the frequency of lucid dreaming is to think more about dreams. So entering a dreamlike environment, such as a virtual reality project, is It is possible to increase the frequency of lucid dreams."
More and more psychologists believe that the brain in sleep is like a built-in virtual reality engine, trying different scenarios in the world, so that dreamers can better deal with real-life novel stories.
Patrick McNamara, a neuropsychologist at Boston University, points out: "A virtual reality device is also a simulation machine, just like the brain. When you use a virtual reality device, you will enter a sleep similar to rapid eye movements. State of the state: There is no simulation of the external input for correction, so it is easy to evoke a similar brain state or simulation under that condition."
Most of the new technologies will be fired as subversive human technologies. But Gackenbach's research shows that virtual reality may actually change the nature of consciousness. In the 1990s, art critic Jonathan Crary predicted that the development of computer graphics would create a visual space that was “distinct†from photography and film. Everything that humans saw would not reflect the world they could live in. . In the face of this disruptive ability, virtual reality is reminiscent of the impact of engine technology. The railway and the subsequent aircraft subverted people’s perceptions of time and space.
While current virtual reality devices may be clunky and expensive and difficult to popularize, the recent “Pokémon Go†boom has seen the technology potentially change society as a whole. Unlike virtual reality, augmented reality superimposes the virtual world in the real world instead of replacing the real world. Augmented reality applications may not be as immersive as virtual reality, but this technique may be more confusing to the brain. The weirdness that appears in the Oculus Rift game, which is happening in the sci-fi world. But when you play Pokémon Go, this is what happens in the real world.
Gackenbach plans to study the effects of augmented reality on consciousness. Although she believes that augmented reality has "broad prospects," she is also very vigilant about the possible impact of augmented reality.
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