If you have an understanding of the projector, you should know that the main working principle of the projector is to emit light from the light source. Through a series of optical illumination systems, the light of the light source is evenly illuminated onto the display chip, and the signal passes through the circuit system. The color gradation and the gray scale are realized on the display chip, and an image is displayed. Thereafter, the image on the display chip is enlarged and projected onto the corresponding screen by the projection lens at the front end of the projection. In the projection system, optics are mainly divided into imaging optics and illumination optics, and the most critical components are display chips and lighting components (ie, light sources).
Since the second half of the micro-projector was introduced into mass production in 2008, liquid crystal liquid crystal (Liquid Crystal Online Silicone (LCOS) and Texas Instruments (TI) independently developed digital light source processing (Digital LightProcess; DLP) and other two technologies, and called micro-projection technology Mainstream. At present, both types of micro-projection technologies use LEDs as light sources. Due to the high mass production of LEDs, there are more and more manufacturers capable of mass production, and the cost continues to decline. Among them, LCoS micro-projection technology can also use white LED with color filter, which can effectively reduce the cost of micro projector and increase the penetration rate.
Comparison of DLP technology and LCoS technology
Speaking of the advantages and disadvantages of DLP technology and LCoS technology, in fact, in the current conference room (education) commercial projector, there is a dispute about DLP technology and LCoS technology, of course, as a miniature projection, although the general principle is similar, but because The implementation is slightly different, and it is still somewhat different. The following will also make a detailed comparison from the above several technical indicators.
size
For the time being, the product sizes that are ultimately achieved by the two technologies are basically the same, and there is not much difference. From a chip point of view, due to the booming development of the liquid crystal industry, the realization of LCoS is mainly a standard liquid crystal packaging process, which is realized by some ITO glass printing, and the implementation of DLP micro-mirror array is realized by mechanical, each micro-reflection There are very complicated mechanical structures under the mirror pixels, so the reduction in pixel pitch is very demanding for process improvement. The difficulty is relatively much larger than the LCoS implementation.
Photoelectric efficiency
At present, the brightness efficiency achieved by the two technologies is about the same, with 7 or 8 lumens per watt of light output. However, from the two technologies themselves, the signal requirements of LCoS can be directly connected by the circuit, and DLP is realized by mechanical means. On the motherboard carrying the DMD chip, there is a corresponding processor and memory. (Memory), this part of the power consumption can never be avoided in the overall light engine, can be considered as a disadvantage of DLP technology efficiency, especially in the handheld projection overall system, if you consider the heat dissipation problem, LCoS chip advantage is more obvious . Relatively speaking, LCoS can achieve less than 0.1W power consumption. In the long run, LCoS will also have certain advantages.
Resolution
As with the same size, DLP needs to achieve higher resolution on the same size chip. It is also very demanding on the process. From the first generation of DLP light engine, the resolution of 320 & TImes; 480 has lagged behind that of LCoS 640 & TImes. 480, although the second generation launched 800 & TImes; 480 chips, but still behind the LCoS technology, purely technical, the development prospects LCoS is better than DLP.
Color purity
LCoS has progressed through technology and is currently implemented by color-sequence type. The theoretical implementation of the hair-type has been basically the same, so the color purity has been basically the same, which is already higher than the current display and TV.
Contrast
DLP is reflected by micro-mirrors, while LCoS realizes optical switching through liquid crystal torsion. In the complete opening of the liquid crystal, there is always a dark state light leakage problem. Similar to the traditional business projector, the advantage of DLP in contrast is on the micro projection. It still exists, but because in the actual use environment, because the influence of external light on contrast is more on the micro-projection, the advantage of DLP in contrast is also weakened compared with that of its business projector. In addition, the aforementioned 3M company's special PBS material, the contrast can also be achieved 250:1, and DLP technology 500:1 even in the all-black environment, it should be said that the gap is not big.
reliability
DLP technology has been used for a long time in large projection displays. Both TI's experimental data and practical applications show that its chips can meet the thousands of hours of life required for mobile devices.
Although LCOS does not have as many applications as DLP technology in large-size projection displays, and there have been some mass productions in rear projection displays, Displaytech's chips have already had a large number of applications in mobile devices. It is noted that the brightness output of the micro-projection engine is generally around 10 lm. Compared with the 300 lm of the rear projection display and the 1000-3000 lm of the front projection display, the current brightness has almost negligible impact on the reliability of the LCOS chip.
In summary, the author believes that in the long run, if Ti has no major technological breakthroughs or better market strategies, in the future, with the blowout of the micro-projection industry, LCoS will have an advantage over DLP technology, and currently use special polarization. The LCoS light engine of the light control film has already outperformed the DLP in performance. With the advancement of technology, it is believed that as a more open LCoS platform, there will be a good performance.
LED light source and laser light source
In recent years, LED light source technology has developed rapidly, and it has become more and more widely used in lighting, home appliances, IT products, and industrial equipment, which not only improves the performance of products, but also contributes to energy saving and environmental protection. For the projector, with the improvement of LED light source technology, it will also usher in a new industrial application.
LED light source
LED (Light Emitting Diode), a light-emitting diode (LED), is a solid-state semiconductor device that can directly convert electrical energy into visible light. It has the advantages of easy control, low-voltage DC drive, rich color performance after combination, long service life, etc. It has been widely used in urban engineering and large-screen display systems in the past, and has been widely used in liquid crystal displays and LCD TVs. Especially after the LED enters the LCD TV application, as the LED industry grows in the display field, the development of LED also follows the well-known Moore's Law, into geometric development, cost, efficiency, industrial chain, and so on. , is very mature, I believe that in the micro-projection industry, it will also shine!
Laser source
As another technology for handheld projection light source technology, Microvision is the main representative of this technology. In 2009, it launched a miniature projector for laser light sources.
As far as the laser source is concerned, the overall effect is better than most of the current projectors realized by the LED light source method, but it also has the problem of imaging speckle. In addition, the high cost has become a major bottleneck restricting its commercialization. Furthermore, due to the safety of the laser itself to the human eye, the difficulty of promotion in the main consumer electronics market of micro-projection can be imagined. On the whole, the short-term prospects of the laser source cannot be compared with the LED light source without a significant cost reduction.
As can be seen from the above introduction, LED has unparalleled advantages in terms of cost, industrialization, safety, industrial chain, etc. These advantages are in the short-term development of LED, and the author believes that the laser is insurmountable. However, as a laser, the advantages of image quality and the ability to autofocus, it is expected that it will have a greater breakthrough in the near future.
In addition to LEDs, lasers have the potential to evolve into light sources for pico projectors. At present, although a variety of emerging micro-projection technologies have adopted laser light sources, only the 2-dimensional scanning MEMS micro-projection technology independently developed by Microvision has been introduced into mass production in early 2010. Although the laser light source has the advantages of good collimation and no manual focus, it will cause the laser spot (Speckle) phenomenon to affect the image quality. Although it cannot be solved, it still takes a lot of trouble. In addition, at present, due to the short-time production of green lasers, and only Corning can be mass-produced and expensive, it is necessary to use micro-projectors with laser as a light source for more than two years.
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