1 lighting design steps
The design illuminance is determined for the visual work requirements of various functional lighting places and the indoor environment conditions, so that the various work and activities performed in the room can be performed comfortably and with long-lasting and uncomfortable feeling. At the same time, attention should be paid to the balance of brightness in each room. For smaller rooms, uniform illumination can be used, and for larger rooms, if only one ceiling light is placed in the middle, it will make the room feel smaller. If you add appropriate wall lamps to the wall, you can eliminate this feeling.
Choose the lighting method and the scheme of arranging the lamps to make the indoor lighting place form the ideal lighting environment. The illumination of the light is conducive to the expression of the outline, space, level of the interior structure and the main image of the interior furniture. Firstly, a scheme as a general illumination is determined, and a certain illumination is obtained, which can meet certain activity requirements; then, for different local functional requirements, various illuminations and light colors and local illumination in the form of lamps are selected.
According to the final overall lighting scheme, the illuminance value in the room is checked, and if necessary, the field measurement can be performed after the installation. This step is easy to ignore. In order to achieve a good lighting design, this is a must.
Identify lighting control schemes and power distribution systems. Set up various electrical outlets and leave a certain amount of affluence. With regard to the setting of sockets, in recent years, with the emergence of various household appliances, the demand for electricity has penetrated into every aspect of people's lives. The regulations state that the distance from the wall outlet is not more than 1.5m anywhere in the room, which is based on the power cord of the household appliance, which is generally about 1.5m long.
Calculate the calculated current for each branch and branch line. Select the wire type and section, the material and diameter of the threading protection tube.
Voltage loss check is performed as necessary. Some decorators believe that the current of the lighting circuit is not large, and their wiring is not paid enough attention, especially those "guerrillas on the road", using the RVB cord lighting distribution line, which has defects in mechanical properties and allowable current. After using it for a period of time, plus the aging factor, it is bound to cause hidden dangers.
Draw a lighting construction drawing. If there are any changes in the construction, it should be implemented on the map in time, so that the electrical completion drawing can be drawn after the final renovation. It is convenient to refer to when the function is changed again later.
2 design points of different functional room illumination
The living room can't be ignored when lighting design and other professional design. The function of the living room is more complicated than the general room, and the content of the activity is also rich. Flexibility and change are also required for lighting design. When there are many people, you can use full illumination and even astigmatism; when listening to music, you can use low-intensity indirect light; when watching TV, there should be some weak illumination behind the seat; when reading, you can set the light source on the right rear upper to avoid Paper reflection affects reading; the light on the desk is best illuminated from the front left and above (about 30 to 40 cm high), while ensuring a certain illumination while avoiding the shadow of the hand and the pen to cover the light of the writing part.
Indoors such as paintings, bonsai, sculptures, etc. can be illuminated with projection lamps to enhance the decorative atmosphere; bookcases and ornaments can be equipped with fluorescent tubes or tracked lamps; there are some noble collections, such as translucent light panels. Make a lining, set the lights inside, will get special effects. In terms of the rationality of the electrical function setting, the lighting switch of the living room should adopt dual-control or multi-control dimmer switch, one at the entrance to facilitate the switch when entering and exiting, and the other near the sofa, the light can be adjusted at any time. Emergency lights must be installed in the living room for sudden power failure or electrical failure. If the audio-visual settings are controlled, audio, video, telephone and other electronic cables are embedded in the sofa. DVDs, computer keyboards, etc. must be used. Hand-operated equipment is also placed nearby (such as under a coffee table). This makes it possible to sit on the sofa and change dishes, stocks or receive distance education.
Bedroom and bedroom lighting also require greater flexibility, especially in the case of a part of the bedroom as a study room, more targeted local lighting. When sleeping, the indoor light should be low and soft. You can use the bedside footlights. When dressing, you need uniform light. The light source should be illuminated from the mirror and the front of the person to avoid backlighting. When applying makeup, the light should be evenly illuminated. Illuminate the face directly in front of it, preferably with auxiliary lights on both sides.
Prevent uneven packaging. If the bookcase is placed, there should be bookcase lighting and short reading lighting.
The kitchen is generally small, with a lot of smoke and moisture. It should be cleaned and corrosion-resistant. In addition to the general lighting on the ceiling or wall, auxiliary lighting can be set in the vegetable cutting part. Generally, the long tube light is set in the darker part of the frame, and the light is soft and bright, which is good for operation.
The lighting of the bathroom and bathroom should be able to show the sanitation and cleanliness of the environment. The general control requirements are not high, as long as you can see things. A white hood with a moisture-proof ceiling lamp is often placed on the roof, and a rectangular strip light is placed on the wash frame. If you have a makeup function, you can add two side lights.
Halls, hallways and balconies. The halls are usually equipped with low-illumination lights. Ceiling lights, down lights or wall lights can be used. Lighting fixtures should be installed near the mirrors and coat hangers in the corridors. The balcony is a combination of indoor and outdoor, and is a place where home life is close to nature. At night, the lights are the masters of the atmosphere, and many families have a balcony with a ceiling lamp.
3 types and choices of lighting fixtures
The choice of lighting fixtures should suit the volume and shape of the space and be consistent with the purpose and character of the space. Large spaces should be used for large spaces, small spaces should be used for small spaces, and residential lighting should be based on small power lamps. The shape of the luminaire should be in harmony with the environment, and at the same time pay attention to the national style and local characteristics as well as personal hobbies, reflecting the expressive power of lighting design.
Ceiling light. It is a luminaire commonly used as the main illumination of each function room in the design of residential indoor environment. It is worth noting that if a ceiling-type simple lantern is used in a large room such as a living room, when there are many lamps, it should be lit by group control to facilitate energy saving.
Wall lamps are also one of the most commonly used decorative lamps. According to different requirements, there are various forms such as direct irradiation, indirect irradiation, downward irradiation and uniform irradiation. The use of wall lights is often also an option when the floor height is low (or too high) and is not suitable for ceiling lamps. Especially in the design of residential indoor environment, the selection of some new wall lights can fully reflect the master's cultivation and hobbies. The wall lamp installation height is generally within the range of line of sight height.
A recessed light, generally referred to as a recessed luminaire that is placed flat on the ceiling and has a flat ceiling and ceiling. Generally used in the case of ceiling, the advantage is that the ceiling surface is neat, saving the layer height, but the heat dissipation performance of the lamp is not good, the luminous efficiency is not high, generally not suitable as the main light source, and as the main light source of the foil and embellishment. In view of the current high and low level of residential buildings, large-scale ceilings are not suitable, so the recessed lights (such as downlights) are only used in local decorative ceilings.
4 other issues of lighting design
The control of the lighting fixtures can be divided into single lamp or several lamp control according to the number of lamps controlled by one control action, and two cases can be controlled simultaneously with the whole or even several circuits of the branch, the latter generally in a large space room or Outdoor use.
Remote control via contactors. If the position of the same luminaire (or a group of luminaires) is controlled, it is divided into three types: single control, dual control and multi control. Single-pole switch, dual-control switch and multi-control switch are used respectively. This is often used in home interior environment design, especially for corridors, foyer bathrooms, stairwells and other lighting fixtures that require multiple control points. Centralized control panels can be placed near the entrance to the door, near the living room sofa, and near the bedside of the bedroom. Faced with related lighting to achieve multi-point control. It is conducive to energy saving and brings convenience to users.
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