The technical content and quantity of electronic devices in automobiles are an important indicator to measure the performance of automobiles. With the increasingly stringent requirements for driving comfort, safety, entertainment and economy, automobile electronic systems have become more complex, and the number of electronic devices in automobiles has also increased. Many functions such as ABS, electronic ignition system, airbag protection and reversing radar are now standard, and this is far from enough, because people's pursuit of more precise car control and entertainment enjoyment has not stopped.
Power transmission and safety control
At present, various manufacturers are actively striving to move towards the direction of intelligent car system-X-by-wire (wire-driven). This technology can integrate independent systems such as steering, braking, and suspension, and is controlled by a central processor to improve the maneuverability and safety of the car, while reducing the use of mechanical components such as hydraulic pumps. At present, some European models have begun to use electronic power steering and brake-by-wire systems.
But automotive OEMs must convince the public that X-by-wire is reliable and safe. The automotive environment is so bad, and the silicon chip is so sensitive to various interferences, ambient temperature and power supply, it is easy to produce erroneous operation. Most automotive users believe that the current electronic power system is still very immature, far less secure and reliable than a mechanical power transmission system. Some people who prefer driving pleasure even believe that the electronic transmission system will make people lose the opportunity to enjoy driving pleasure.
The increased demand for safer driving has prompted automotive OEMs to start planning safety control systems from a system perspective. Therefore, the current body safety control system is not just a simple reversing radar, distance detection and airbag control, but many new elements have been added.
The newly emerged intelligent body control system can learn about the environment information around the car through various sensor devices, such as road condition obstacles and corner warning, etc., so that the occupants can timely understand the environment around the car. More importantly, these body control systems can also collect information about the car itself, such as tire pressure, and can be adjusted through the power control system to keep the car in a stable driving state.
In addition, various anti-collision sensing systems are also under development. After the early warning information is obtained through the sensor device, the control system will immediately trigger the protection system to reduce the impact of the driver and passengers. In addition, the latest smart airbag control system can also quickly adjust the airbag's air expulsion through the collected impact force.
Automotive infotainment system
As the concept of entertaining and driving enters the hearts of the people, the multimedia functions integrated in the car are increasingly powerful. Car entertainment is not just as simple as car audio. The continuous introduction of GPS navigation and positioning, wireless mobile communication, network data transmission, and anti-theft security features have gradually made cars become mobile offices or mobile homes. Due to the need to transmit and process large amounts of data in real time, the status of telematics systems is increasingly prominent. Market research company Dataquest once predicted that the Telematics market, including hardware and services, will grow from US $ 3.6 billion in 2000 to US $ 27 billion in 2005, with a compound annual growth rate of 50%. Consumer electronics manufacturers see cars as the next potential growth market.
Not only that, various emerging business models also take Telematics as a natural carrier. For example, IBM ’s eDevice for car manufacturers, car rental companies, and insurance companies uses the company ’s car customer architecture to enable Telematics to connect wirelessly with open standard applications such as Java and OSGi.
Remote car diagnostic system
In addition, the complexity of the automotive electronic system has caused more and more signals to display vehicle condition information in the car, and ordinary car users may be at a loss as to the displayed fault. The remote vehicle diagnostic system (RVDS) came into being.
In fact, the current remote car diagnostic system is an extension of Telematics applications, because it mainly sends the fault code generated by the electronic control module (ECM) diagnosis to the nearest analysis center of the car manufacturer through wireless communication technology. Not only that, this system also sends out the identity of the car and the geographic location at that time through the GPS on the car.
However, safety issues are currently the main obstacle to the scale application of remote car diagnostic systems. Automobile users worry that the data packet information including the identity and geographic location of the car will be intercepted by others or be controlled by the car OEM. Similarly, car OEMs are concerned that the public will know too much about the potential defects of cars.
However, once security is guaranteed, this business model should have a broad market space. For example, car dealers can use the system to enhance service to users. Because the fault code can be automatically transmitted to the dealer, the technical service personnel can immediately determine the severity of the problem, and directly contact the owner to arrange service matters, or remind the user to pay attention to potential mechanical problems. And in the future, car OEMs can also use the system to understand the driving habits of car users to make cars more suitable for driving.
Automotive power system
The increase in the use of electronic devices in automobiles has increased the demand for electricity and power in automobiles, and the original 12V power system has been unable to handle it. The 42V system has already become the focus of attention in the industry due to its many advantages over the 12V system.
But the difficulties encountered in implementing the 42V system are also obvious. First of all, this requires the efforts of the entire automotive industry, because most automotive components are designed for 12V systems. Without calibration or some kind of PWM control circuit, they will not work properly at 42V, so various measures must be taken to make them Able to adapt to high voltage. Second, the power distribution of the entire automotive electronic system also needs to be redesigned and planned. Because the increase in voltage requires more voltage conversion devices and circuits, and the demand for protection circuits will also increase, which will increase the complexity and design difficulty of the entire power supply system.
In the transition period to the 42V system, the major auto manufacturers have chosen to use the 14 / 42V dual voltage system. At least from the current point of view, the performance of the 12V system seems to be extended from what was predicted five years ago, and there is no obvious sign that when 12V high power applications will come to an end, when 42V applications will begin to be widely accepted.
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