Compared with traditional light sources, LED solid-state light sources have the advantages of high efficiency, pure light color, low energy consumption, long life, reliable and durable, flexible application, no pollution, etc., and have been widely used in road lighting, home lighting, automotive lighting, Landscape lighting and other fields. However, good heat dissipation characteristics are the fundamental guarantee for the excellent performance and stability of LED. Temperature has an important impact on LED performance, including color temperature changes, wavelength red shift, efficiency degradation, forward voltage drop, etc. Therefore, thermal management has an important impact on LED performance, light conversion efficiency, and application. This paper mainly studies the potential advantages of the new vertical heat dissipation mode LED in terms of photoelectric thermal characteristics. Compared with the traditional horizontal heat-dissipation mode LED, the vertical heat-dissipation structure LED has the characteristics of high brightness, fast heat dissipation, low light decay, low cost, stability and reliability, and is currently the development trend of application of illumination light source in small and medium power LEDs. 
First, the vertical and horizontal cooling mode structure comparison
In the analysis of LED characteristics of two different heat dissipation modes in this paper, the new vertical heat dissipation mode LED uses the popular 3014LED in the market and application as an example. The traditional horizontal heat dissipation mode uses the commonly used 3528LED as an example for comparative analysis.
Figure 1 and Figure 2 are schematic diagrams of the vertical heat dissipation and horizontal heat dissipation LEDs, respectively. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation modes of the two LEDs.
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of vertical heat dissipation mode
Figure 2. Schematic diagram of the horizontal heat dissipation mode
Figure 3. Schematic diagram of horizontal and vertical heat dissipation
It can be seen from the structural diagrams of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 that the 3528 LED is radiated by soldering the electrodes of the electrodes at both ends, and the heat dissipation method is horizontal heat dissipation. The 3014 LED is structurally cooled by the heat dissipation channel of the bottom plate, and the heat dissipation mode is mainly vertical heat dissipation. Figure 3 more clearly shows the cooling mode of two different structured LEDs.
Second, the simulation of the thermal characteristics of LED lamp beads
In order to better study and compare the heat dissipation of LEDs with different heat dissipation structures, we used ANASYS finite element analysis simulation software for modeling and thermal simulation analysis.
In order to more easily calculate the thermal resistance of the LED, first set the substrate temperature parameter to 60 ° C, the chip power is 0.06 W, the solid crystal glue KER-3200-TI thickness is 0.01 mm, the drive current is 20 mA for thermal analysis, and the horizontal heat dissipation structure The heat distribution of the LED and the vertical heat dissipation structure LED are shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, respectively.
Figure 4. Horizontal thermal dissipation structure LED thermal simulation temperature profile
Figure 5. Vertical thermal dissipation structure LED thermal simulation temperature profile
Table 1. Thermal simulation temperature data
As can be seen from Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Table 1, when the substrate temperature is controlled at 60 ° C and the LED operating current is 20 mA, although the chip temperature of the vertical heat dissipation mode LED is slightly higher, this is because the volume of the selected 3014 LED model is used. And the heat dissipation area is much smaller than 3528 LED, and the heat is too concentrated. However, the temperature difference of the vertical heat dissipation mode is small, and the thermal resistance of 117 mm2 °C/W is also much lower than the conventional horizontal heat dissipation of 156 mm2 °C/W, which indicates that the heat dissipation efficiency of the vertical heat dissipation mode is superior to the horizontal heat dissipation mode.
A Battery Charger supplies current to the base plate. Once the AGV is in charging position and the collector has made contact with the base plate, the AGV computer turns on the current.
The base plate has chamfered entry/exit ramps to facilitate smooth drive-on/drive-off of the spring loaded collector.
Battery charging stations may be installed anywhere within the system where the production process allows the AGV to stop (staging areas, turn arounds, loading stops etc.).
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