UAVs are becoming more widespread and used by millions of people for industrial inspection, aerial photography, border patrols, emergency transportation, crop investigations, or just for entertainment. However, as more and more drones fly in the sky, a series of security risks have emerged, such as collisions, cyber attacks, and even terrorist acts. How to prevent drone risk?
Recently, Allianz Global Enterprise and Special Risk Release Research Report "The Rise of UAVs: Managing the Unique Risks Related to UAVs" reminds that in order to ensure the safe operation of drones, it is necessary to register the UAVs to the operators. Conduct sound education and training, and relevant insurance should be more appropriate.
UAVs will be widely used in commercial scenariosAs drones become smaller, more affordable, easier to use, and countries that are represented by the United States modify regulations, the development prospects of drones are bright. The US Federal Aviation Administration estimates that by the end of 2016, the United States will have more than 600,000 drones for commercial use. This is three times the number of registered manned aircraft. In addition, 1.9 million drones are expected to be used for entertainment purposes. Globally, the drone market is expected to reach 4.7 million units or even more. By 2020, the size of the commercial drone market is expected to soar from $2 billion to $127 billion.
James Van Meter, head of Allianz Global Enterprise and Special Risk Aerospace, said that the recent incidents and accidents related to drones have attracted enough attention. As the number of drones increases, so does the likelihood of collisions and other lost accidents.
Thomas Kriesmann, a senior underwriting expert at Allianz Global Enterprise and Special Risks Aerospace, believes: "The drones will be widely used in commercial scenarios for the next decade because they can effectively perform trivial or dangerous tasks." Work accidents such as falling from the roof and compensation for work-related injuries are expected to decrease. In the future, in many industries, in developing countries and in the process of disaster relief, drones may not only solve problems, but also save costs. In addition, it can be used to transport blood and vaccines to some remote areas of Africa, fight grass fires, carry out pest control, and even express pizza and coffee.
Insurance companies are also increasingly using drones for risk assessment of construction or infrastructure projects, which is both convenient and safe. It is also faster and more efficient to use drones to check the loss of the scene after the disaster. For example, after the explosion in Tianjin Port last year, some areas were forbidden to enter, and the high-definition pictures after the accident were taken by the drone to compare the previous pictures to determine the number of vehicles that were damaged. Allianz is also supporting a pilot company, FairFleet, to provide insurance coverage and claims processing services. When a company needs a drone, the company can provide the company with a flight controller.
While drones bring commercial value, new risks and the possibility of improper use of drone technology also need to be taken seriously. Relevant people believe that there are two main hidden dangers of drones: hollow collisions and loss of control.
"Hollow" collisions occur when the flight controller does not see and avoid manned aircraft in time, especially those with normal altitudes below 500 feet, such as helicopters, agricultural aircraft, or during take-off and landing. In the United States, flight controllers, citizens, and law enforcement officers have observed that drone reports have increased five-fold in the past year. In China, the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom and other countries, there have been many dangers related to drones.
When the drone crashes or flies out of the signal, it loses control. Allianz Global Enterprises and special risks believe that frequency interference or other factors are important causes of loss of control. If the drone is out of control during a house inspection and hits a truck or shop, the flight controller may be responsible for this, and the amount involved is more than $5 million. Even if it is a small drone, if it hits the aircraft engine, the economic loss may be as high as 10 million US dollars. The use of drones to commit terrorist acts, such as attacks on critical infrastructure, such as (nuclear) power stations and on-site activities, is a potential new risk. In addition, drones also involve security concerns about personal privacy.
Improving the safety of drones requires training and registrationThere are no uniform standards and rules for the safe operation of drones around the world, which is the biggest concern. “Many places have rarely or even trained flight controllers or set equipment maintenance standards,†explains Van Meter. “Besides the rules and regulations, education has always been the key to ensuring the safe operation of drones.†Since novice operations are the main cause of loss accidents, training plays a crucial role in preventing accidents. The training should cover meteorology, emergency instructions, and aviation laws, including flight rules over buildings, system maintenance, flight time calculations, and the use of photographs taken by onboard cameras.
Since there are no mandatory registrations for drones in many countries and regions, users are able to successfully hide their identity after a loss accident. After the insurance is insured, the car can be identified by the license plate number and the engine number. The drone should also be the same, but the current UAV body number lacks the national standard for uniformity, and is the manufacturer's own standard for numbering. Only by issuing a unified numbering policy can the legality of registration be guaranteed.
“But in the future, in general, confirming the identity of drones and flight controllers is the key to defining due responsibilities,†Kriesmann said. “A similar approach to car registration should be a matter of time.â€
"UAV insurance" can handle multiple risksInsurance can provide protection for the flight controller and the public, dealing with the risk of hollow collisions, loss of body or property, and damage to third parties. UAV manufacturers, owners, flight controllers, and drone sales and service-related businesses are also exposed to risks, and related insurance should be available.
The so-called drone insurance is a fast-growing area in the insurance industry that can provide different guarantees depending on the type of drone used. It is understood that there are several insurance companies in the market to introduce drone-related insurance, which is the agricultural drone insurance introduced by Zhongan Insurance and Pacific Insurance, which is limited to the agricultural sector. UAV insurance involving commercial and other fields is rare.
The reason why drone insurance is "not to be seen" is because:First, with the increasing number of drone users, business people and children have become part of drone operators, and this will bring great potential risks. In the event of failure or operational errors, no one The machine will become a "weapon", bringing unpredictable losses. The insurance industry saw the potential risks, so it decided to remove the drone from insurance.
Second, the difficulty of determining damage is also one of the factors hindering the popularity of drone insurance. Unlike cars, drones lack a large number of physical 4s stores. The price and repair price of specific parts and components do not have a uniform price in the market. In the event of a crash or bombing accident, the loss of claims is a problem.
Third, the improvement of relevant laws and regulations will help the promotion of drone insurance products. It is understood that in countries such as Sweden, drone insurance appears as a separate chapter in relevant regulations, and the regulation of regulations also helps to establish a legal and reasonable insurance system. Once the insured and the insurance company have objections, Solve through legal channels.
“Whether it’s a coffee shop or a trucking business, you need insurance to protect your business. Drones are no exception.†Van Meter reminds. “The commercial flight controller of the drone needs at least 1 million yuan of insurance coverage to protect against risks.†He predicted that if the commercial drone market develops as expected, the US drone insurance market will exceed 5 in 2020. One hundred million U.S. dollars. The global market will be close to $1 billion. It can be seen that the future of drone insurance will usher in a promising future.
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