From 1G to 4G, it mainly solves the communication between people. 5G will solve the communication between people and things, things and things other than people, that is, the Internet of Everything.
The Outline of the National Informatization Development Strategy pointed out that by 2020, breakthroughs in the development and standards of the fifth-generation mobile communication (5G) technology will be achieved. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has revealed that it is promoting the development of China's 5G technology. It is expected that by 2020 China will officially commercialize 5G networks. According to reports, after the 5G network is commercialized, it will be widely used in various fields such as the Internet and the Internet of Things, and it is expected to become a new information technology infrastructure. Due to the broad prospects of 5G applications, the 5G "strategic high ground" battle has been surging. Faced with competition from countries such as Europe, Japan, South Korea and other countries, Chinese companies have invested heavily in R&D and layout in 5G technology and network applications, and hope to eventually “take down†the 5G standard and occupy the dominant position in the entire industry chain.
5G network opens the Internet of Things era
The so-called "5G" is the abbreviation of English fifth-generaTIon, which refers to the fifth generation of mobile communication technology. Previously, the mobile communication field has experienced the development of four generations of technology, which is characterized by high-speed multimedia from analog technology and digital technology. Communication, accessible devices have increased significantly, and usage rates have increased significantly, creating the necessary network conditions for the development of the mobile Internet and the Internet of Things.
According to current research in various countries, the peak rate of 5G technology will increase by tens of times compared with the current 4G technology, from 100Mb/s of 4G to tens of Gb/s. In other words, more than 10 high-definition movies can be downloaded in one second, and the number of supported users can be increased to 1 million users per square kilometer, which can better satisfy the massive access scene such as the Internet of Things. At the same time, the end-to-end delay will be reduced from a dozen milliseconds of 4G to a few milliseconds of 5G.
Just because of the powerful communication and bandwidth capabilities, once the 5G network is applied, the concepts of the Internet of Things, Internet of Things, smart city, and drone network that are still in the concept stage will become reality. In addition, 5G will be further applied to the fields of industry, medical care, safety, etc., which will greatly promote the production efficiency in these fields and innovate new production methods.
Mr. He Hezhen, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and chairman of the China Internet Association, said that with the application of 5G networks, various Internet of Things will rapidly spread. He said that there is currently no communication between the car and the car. With a 5G network, cars and cars, cars and data centers, cars and other smart devices can communicate. In this way, not only can a higher level of auto driving be achieved, but also various types of traffic data can be used to plan the most reasonable route for the car. Once a large number of cars enter the network, intelligent transportation can be achieved smoothly.
EU research believes that telemedicine is also one of the important application areas of 5G. At present, the implementation of remote surgery across borders requires the rental of expensive high-capacity lines, but sometimes the instructions issued to the surgical equipment are still delayed, which poses a huge risk to the surgery. But 5G technology will make the "command-response" time required for surgery close to zero, which will greatly improve the accuracy of the doctor's operation. In the near future, if emergency surgery or specific surgery is required, patients can undergo rapid surgery through telemedicine.
5G networks can also benefit ordinary users. In addition to a variety of multimedia entertainment that is not categorized, smart home devices will also access 5G networks to provide users with more convenient services.
In addition to the above applications, many Internet of Things applications will also become the field of 5G. Although the Internet of Things has not been widely applied, the industry generally believes that the number of devices connected to the Internet of Things is expected to exceed 100 billion, placing high demands on the number of devices, data size, and transmission rate. Since the current 3G and 4G technologies cannot provide effective support, the real development of the Internet of Things is inseparable from the maturity of 5G technology, and will also become one of the driving forces for the development of 5G technology.
Seize the opportunity of the revolution in communication technology
Although the 5G technology has broad prospects, it is still some time away from official commercial use, and the 5G standard has not yet been formally determined. But there is no doubt that mastering the right to speak in the development of 5G standards will take the lead in the new generation of mobile communication technology revolution.
According to international practice, the United Nations specialized agency, ICT, headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, will be the final decision body for the 5G standard. The agency is responsible for the allocation and management of the global radio spectrum, the development of global telecommunications standards, and plays an important role in the global information and communication field.
The International Telecommunication Union has initiated research on 5G standards and has defined the work plan for the “IMT (International Mobile Telecommunications System)-2020 and Outlook†project. In 2016, the research on 5G technical performance requirements and assessment methods will be carried out, and 5G will be launched by the end of 2017. Candidates are collected and standardization is completed by the end of 2020. In the process, all parties, including the European Union, can submit applications to the International Telecommunication Union.
The EU has clearly emphasized that it hopes to establish a globally unified 5G technical standard instead of coexisting multiple standards to achieve global interoperability and economies of scale. In fact, because 5G technology is closely related to the future IoT industry, it contains huge economic and strategic interests. Countries such as Europe, America, Japan and South Korea hope to occupy the leading position in technical standards. Therefore, they have also carried out corresponding technology research and development and layout. .
As early as November 2012, the EU has launched a large-scale research project METIS with a total investment of 27 million euros, and developed 5G technology. The project team has a strong R&D lineup. At present, 29 members include Alcatel-Lucent, Ericsson, Huawei, Nokia Siemens and other five equipment manufacturers, Deutsche Telekom, DoCoMo, France Telecom, Telecom Italia, Telefonica, five operators, and Europe. Numerous academic institutions and the BMW Group, as well as about 80 experts, participated in the project full time.
In addition to the EU, the United States, South Korea, Japan and the United Nations operators and telecommunications equipment manufacturers have carried out corresponding technical research and industrial layout. At present, the battle for competition in the field of 5G standards is becoming increasingly fierce. On May 31st, the first global 5G conference held in Beijing, the 5G standards development agencies of all countries revealed the latest developments in their respective research and development.
Japan’s 5GMF Secretary-General Satoan Ego said that after a year and a half of work, Japan recently launched the “5GMF White Paperâ€, one of its goals is to use 5G services during the Tokyo Olympics by 2020. He believes that 5G standardization work is still in its infancy. At present, Japanese operator DoCoMo has conducted some network experiments. When the 5G standard is proposed, Japan will have certain advantages.
South Korea is active in 5G development. Youngnam Han, chairman of the Korea 5G Forum Executive Committee, said that the 5G commercial process in South Korea will serve as the key time node for the 2018 PyeongChang Winter Olympics. In the next two years, the 5G Forum will focus on the second phase. Test work, including VR, AR and system development. The outside world believes that if South Korea can take the lead in applying 5G networks in 2018, it will take the initiative in the formulation of 5G standards.
Chrispearson, chairman of 5G Americas in the United States, said that the organization has already carried out a lot of testing work, and operators AT&T will test it in the second half of 2016.
In addition to the systematic development of technology in various countries, mainstream companies in the industry have also made efforts in the 5G field. Recently, mobile phone chip maker Qualcomm said that it is accelerating the research and development of 5G chips. At present, Qualcomm has completed various technical tests. It is expected that by 2018, it will officially launch mass-produced 5G mobile phone chips according to the final 5G international standard. In addition, Huawei, ZTE, Nokia, Ericsson and other telecom equipment manufacturers also revealed that they are accelerating the research and development of 5G key technologies and have already cooperated with telecom operators.
China accelerates the deployment of 5G networks
On the battlefield of 5G, which has no smoke, of course, China is not far behind. Zhang Feng, chief engineer of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, said earlier that China will implement 5G network commercialization by 2020.
Recently, Zhang Feng once again revealed the next phase of China's 5G development related work: accelerate research and development innovation, increase 5G technology, standards and product research and development efforts, build an international 5G test platform; strengthen frequency coordination, strengthen communication based on the International Telecommunication Union And coordinate, strive to form more 5G unified frequency bands; deepen pragmatic cooperation, establish a broad and in-depth exchange and cooperation mechanism, actively promote the formation of a globally unified 5G standard under the international framework; promote integrated development, strengthen the integration of 5G and vertical industries With the application of key industries such as industrial internet and car networking as a breakthrough, we will build a 5G network that supports the development of the industry.
In fact, as early as February 2013, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the National Development and Reform Commission, and the Ministry of Science and Technology jointly established the IMT-2020 (5G) promotion group to conduct research and research on China's 5G vision and demand, 5G spectrum issues, 5G key technologies, and 5G standardization. layout. The organization of this promotion group is based on the original IMT-Advanced (4G) promotion group, which has multiple working groups, including requirements working group, spectrum working group, wireless technology working group, network technology working group, several standard working groups and knowledge. Property Rights Working Group.
IMT-2020 (5G) leader unit National Radio Monitoring Center introduced that in 2013, under the deployment of IMT-2020 (5G) promotion group, the center carried out a series of 5G research and development work, mainly responsible for spectrum requirements and candidate frequency bands. Research tasks such as electromagnetic compatibility analysis and spectrum use efficiency assessment, including taking the lead in “IMT-2020 candidate frequency band analysis and assessmentâ€, focusing on “national post-IMT-Advanced mobile communication technology and development strategy research†and other national science and technology major projects, and “ Pre-research and development of the fifth generation mobile communication (5G) system.
In terms of candidate frequency bands, Zhao Shuilai, Director of the Spectrum Management Research Division of the National Radio Monitoring Center, introduced the International Symposium on Future Mobile Communication Spectrum in September 2014 to conduct monitoring and analysis of China's 450MHz-5GHz radio spectrum and next-generation mobile. Cooperative research reports have been published on communications and spectrum. The report proposes an optimization scheme for the 450MHz-5GHz spectrum resources to be used by the next generation mobile network (NGMN), and studies the spectrum resources of more than 6GHz that may be used by NGMN in China, and proposes the layout of NGMN spectrum in China.
Wang Tan, a national radio monitoring center, said that in the evolution of mobile communications, China has continuously changed its role, and has successively experienced various stages of "2G tracking, 3G breakthrough, 4G synchronization". In the 5G era, China took the lead in setting up the IMT-2020 (5G) promotion group in the Asia-Pacific region, integrating production, learning, research, and elite strength, and actively exporting opinions to international organizations such as the International Telecommunication Union.
"At present, China is steadily advancing 5G R&D work and has appropriately taken the lead in the work schedule of the International Telecommunication Union. It is believed that China's role in the 5G standardization process will be further enhanced than in the 4G period, and it will not be possible for the development of the global 5G industry. Substitute contribution.†Huang Biao, deputy chief engineer of the National Radio Monitoring Center, said.
In addition to national-level research, Chinese companies including China Mobile, Huawei, and ZTE have been actively developing and deploying 5G technologies. In February 2014, China Mobile publicly stated that China Mobile will fully support the development of 5G projects and hopes to continue to play a leading role in the field of mobile communication standards by striving to guide the development of 5G technology and technical standards in the industry. At this year's world-class mobile communication exhibitions, China Mobile also announced a joint 5G cooperation statement with Japan's DoCoMo and South Korea's KT, announcing that the three operators will jointly research and enrich the 5G demand for the Asian market and explore new 5G services. New vertical market, 5G key technology and system validation, and cooperation with global standardization organizations to achieve globally coordinated spectrum planning and unified 5G standards.
Recently, the three major operators in China have also revealed that they have already planned to start commercialization of 5G networks in 2020, and the construction of test networks and related tests will be launched as soon as next year. If the preliminary work is going well, the three major operators will likely start to invest in 5G network construction in 2018 and officially start commercial use by 2020.
Some insiders also said that in the competition for the commanding heights of the 5G strategy, Chinese companies have a long way to go. Li Bo, a senior partner of Beijing Dinghong Yuanzheng Intellectual Property Agency, conducted a patent search on 5G technology. As of April 1, 2015, the relevant applicants submitted 211 patent applications for 5G technology in China. The number of patent applications filed was 179. Among the world's major applicants, the largest number of 5G patent applications filed was Japan Telegraph and Telephone Corporation (NTT), with 61 applications; Samsung ranked second, with 53 patent applications filed; Alcatel-Lucent The traditional communications industry leader also submitted 41 patent applications.
"China's Huawei has submitted 30 patent applications for 5G technology. Southeast University, ZTE, and Telecommunications Science and Technology Research Institute have certain patents for 5G technology. From the perspective of patent distribution, compared with Japan and Korea, In Europe, the United States and other countries and regions, China's R & D strength is not concentrated, and the level of research and development needs to be further improved." Li Bo said frankly, compared with China's technology in the 2G era, the overall backwardness of the situation, with Huawei, ZTE and Datang Telecom, etc. The representative Chinese companies are rapidly narrowing the gap with the world's advanced level in the 5G era.
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